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Index

1 The AATSR Products User Guide
1.1 Why Choose AATSR Data?
1.1.1 Geophysical Measurements
1.1.1.1 Primary Geophysical Measurement
1.1.1.2 Additional Capabilities
1.1.1.3 Cloud and Atmospheric Measurements
1.1.1.4 Cryosphere
1.1.2 Scientific Background
1.1.2.1 SST
1.1.2.2 Remote Sensing Over Land
1.1.2.3 Cryosphere, Cloud and Atmospheric Measurements
1.1.3 Principles of Measurement
1.1.3.1 The AATSR Instrument
1.1.3.2 AATSR Flight Operations
1.1.4 Geophysical Coverage
1.1.4.1 Instrument Swath
1.1.4.2 Orbit and Repeat Cycle
1.1.5 Special Features of AATSR
1.1.5.1 Onboard Calibration
1.1.5.2 Dual View
1.1.5.3 Coolers
1.1.5.4 Full 12 bit digitisation
1.1.6 Summary of Applications vs Products
1.2 How to use AATSR data
1.2.1 Software tools
1.2.1.1 General Tools
1.2.1.2 EnviView
1.2.1.3 Instrument specific software tools
1.3 Further Reading
1.4 Image Gallery
1.4.1 Spatially Averaged Global SST, September 1993
1.4.2 Deforestation in Brazil
1.4.3 Mutsu Bay, Japan
1.4.4 Typhoon Saomai
1.4.5 Land cover in the Middle East
1.4.6 Breakup of the Ross Ice Shelf
2 AATSR Products and Algorithms
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Data Processing Centres
2.1.2 Data Processing Software
2.1.3 Heritage
2.2 Organisation of Products
2.2.1 ENVISAT Product Organisation
2.2.2 AATSR Product Organisation
2.2.3 Relationship Between AATSR and ATSR Products
2.3 Definitions and Conventions
2.3.1 Definitions
2.3.2 Conventions
2.4 Product Evolution History
2.5 Level 0 Products
2.5.1 AATSR Instrument Source Packet
2.5.2 Differences Between ATSR-2 and AATSR Source Packets
2.5.3 Acquisition and On-Board Data Processing
2.5.4 The Level 0 Product
2.5.4.1 ATS_NL_OP
2.5.5 Availability
2.6 Level 1B Products and Algorithms
2.6.1 Algorithms
2.6.1.1 ATS_TOA_1P
2.6.1.1.1 Source packet Processing
2.6.1.1.2 Infra-Red Channel calibration
2.6.1.1.2.1 Infra-Red Calibration
2.6.1.1.2.1.1 Physical Justification
2.6.1.1.2.1.1.1 Overview
2.6.1.1.2.1.1.2 Detector Response to source radiation
2.6.1.1.2.1.1.3 Effect of signal channel processing circuits
2.6.1.1.2.1.1.4 Determination of the calibration coefficients
2.6.1.1.2.1.1.5 Signal Channel Calibration
2.6.1.1.2.1.1.6 Detector non-linearity
2.6.1.1.2.1.1.7 Derivation of the look-up tables
2.6.1.1.2.1.2 Algorithm Description
2.6.1.1.2.1.3 Accuracies
2.6.1.1.3 Visible Channel Calibration
2.6.1.1.4 Satellite Time Calibration
2.6.1.1.5 Geolocation
2.6.1.1.5.1 Instrument Pixel Geolocation
2.6.1.1.5.1.1 Physical Justification
2.6.1.1.5.1.1.1 Co-ordinates of the scan pixel
2.6.1.1.5.1.1.2 Line of sight in the satellite reference frame
2.6.1.1.5.1.1.2.1 AATSR Scan geometry
2.6.1.1.5.1.1.2.2 Instrument misalignment
2.6.1.1.5.1.1.3 Attitude Transformations
2.6.1.1.5.1.2 Algorithm Description
2.6.1.1.5.1.2.1 Summary
2.6.1.1.5.1.2.2 Algorithm Definition
2.6.1.1.5.1.2.3 Interpolation
2.6.1.1.5.1.3 Accuracies
2.6.1.1.5.2 Image Pixel Geolocation
2.6.1.1.5.2.1 Physical Justification
2.6.1.1.5.2.1.1 The Image Co-ordinates used for AATSR
2.6.1.1.5.2.1.2 Geometrical Relationships on the Ellipsoid
2.6.1.1.5.2.1.2.1 The Reference Ellipsoid
2.6.1.1.5.2.1.2.2 Length and azimuth on the ellipsoid
2.6.1.1.5.2.1.2.3 Arc length on the ellipsoid
2.6.1.1.5.2.1.2.4 Solution of Ellipsoidal triangles
2.6.1.1.5.2.1.3 Calculation of Image co-ordinates of Scan Pixel
2.6.1.1.5.2.1.4 Image Pixel geolocation
2.6.1.1.5.2.2 Algorithm Description
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.1 Summary
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.1.1 Generate Geolocation Arrays
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.1.2 Calculate Pixel x and y co-ordinates
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.1.3 Image Pixel Positions
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.2 Image Pixel Geolocation
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.2.1 Along-track look-up tables
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.2.2 Reference Grid of Image Pixel Co-ordinates
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.3 Image co-ordinates of the scan pixel
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.3.1 Calculation of the sides of the triangle
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.3.2 The angle at Q
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.3.3 The x and y co-ordinates
2.6.1.1.5.2.2.4 Accuracies
2.6.1.1.5.3 Calculate Solar Angles
2.6.1.1.5.4 Calculate Topographic Corrections
2.6.1.1.5.4.1 Theoretical Basis
2.6.1.1.5.4.2 Algorithm Description
2.6.1.1.6 Signal Calibration
2.6.1.1.7 Regrid Pixels
2.6.1.1.8 Cosmetic Fill
2.6.1.1.9 Determine Land-Sea Flag
2.6.1.1.10 Cloud Clearing
2.6.1.1.10.1 Gross cloud test
2.6.1.1.10.2 Thin cirrus test
2.6.1.1.10.3 Medium/high level cloud test
2.6.1.1.10.4 Fog/low stratus test
2.6.1.1.10.5 Spatial coherence test (11 um)
2.6.1.1.10.6 Histogram test (1.6 um)
2.6.1.1.10.7 11/12 um and 11/3.7 um nadir/forward tests
2.6.1.1.10.7.1 11/12 um nadir/forward test
2.6.1.1.10.7.2 11/3.7 um nadir/forward test
2.6.1.1.10.8 Infrared histogram test
2.6.1.2 ATS_AST_BP
2.6.1.2.1 Physical Justification
2.6.1.2.1.1 Day-time browse product
2.6.1.2.1.2 Night-time browse product
2.6.1.2.1.3 Transition processing
2.6.1.2.2 Algorithm Description
2.6.1.2.2.1 Image sub-sampling
2.6.1.2.2.2 Day time processing
2.6.1.2.2.2.1 Generation of RGB Values
2.6.1.2.2.3 Night-time processing
2.6.1.2.2.4 Transition processing
2.6.1.2.2.4.1 The RGB to HSV transformation
2.6.1.2.2.4.2 The HSV to RGB transformation
2.6.1.2.2.4.3 Pixel processing in the transition region
2.6.2 Level 1B Products
2.6.2.1 Structure of AATSR gridded products
2.6.2.1.1 ATS_TOA_1P
2.6.2.1.2 ATS_AST_BP
2.6.2.2 Structure of AATSR Ungridded Products
2.6.2.2.1 UCOUNTS
2.6.2.2.2 UBTR
2.7 Level 2 Products
2.7.1 Level 2 Algorithms
2.7.1.1 Prepare Inputs
2.7.1.1.1 Input Annotation Data Sets
2.7.1.1.2 Assemble Regridded Brightness Temperature Arrays
2.7.1.1.3 Interpolate Solar Angles
2.7.1.1.4 Interpolate Image Pixel position
2.7.1.2 Derive Gridded Product
2.7.1.2.1 SST Retrieval
2.7.1.2.1.1 Physical Justification
2.7.1.2.1.1.1 Introduction
2.7.1.2.1.1.2 Channel selection
2.7.1.2.1.1.3 Latitude zones
2.7.1.2.1.1.4 Across-Track Bands
2.7.1.2.1.1.5 Smoothing
2.7.1.2.1.2 Algorithm Description
2.7.1.2.1.2.1 Full resolution (gridded) Surface Temperature Image Product
2.7.1.2.2 Land Surface Temperature Retrieval
2.7.1.2.2.1 Physical Justification
2.7.1.2.2.1.1 Retrieval Coefficients
2.7.1.2.2.1.2 Interpolation of precipitable water
2.7.1.2.2.2 Algorithm Description
2.7.1.3 Derive Averaged Product (Half-Degree cells)
2.7.1.3.1 Spatial Averaging
2.7.1.3.2 Averaged SST Retrieval
2.7.1.3.3 Averaged NDVI and LST Retrieval
2.7.1.3.4 Spatially Averaged Cloud Parameters
2.7.1.4 Derive Averaged Product (50 km cells)
2.7.2 Level 2 Products
2.7.2.1 ATS_NR_2P
2.7.2.2 ATS_AR_2P
2.7.2.3 ATS_MET_2P
2.8 Instrument Specific Topics
2.9 Auxiliary products
2.9.1 Summary of auxiliary data sets
2.9.1.1 Definition
2.9.1.2 Structure
2.9.1.3 Files Used in AATSR Processing
2.9.1.4 Information and Availability
2.9.2 Auxiliary Data Sets for Level 1B processing
2.9.3 Auxiliary Data Sets for Level 2 processing
2.9.4 Common Auxiliary data sets
2.10 Latency, Throughput and Data Volume
2.10.1 Latency
2.10.2 Throughput
2.10.3 Data Volume
2.11 Characterisation and Calibration
2.11.1 Introduction
2.11.2 Monitoring of AATSR VISCAL Parameters
2.12 Data Handling Cookbook
2.12.1 Hints and Algorithms for Data Use
2.12.1.1 Granules
2.12.1.2 Tie Points
2.12.1.3 Relationship Between Measurement Data and Annotation Data in the Gridded Products
2.12.1.3.1 ATS_TOA_1P
2.12.1.3.2 ATS_NR_2P
2.12.1.3.3 ATS_AR_2P
2.12.1.4 The Switchable Product Concept
2.12.1.5 Placeholders
2.12.1.5.1 GST Product (ATS_NR_2P)
2.12.1.5.2 AST Product (ATS_AR_2P)
2.12.1.6 Visualising Spatially Averaged Cells
2.12.1.6.1 Spatially Averaged Cell Latitude and Longitude
2.12.1.6.2 Confidence Words and Exception Values
2.12.1.6.3 Topographic Correction
2.12.1.7 Implications of true IFOV on LST measurements (based on Notes from E. Noyes, University of Leicester, August 2005)
2.12.2 Hints and Algorithms for Higher Level Processing
3 The AATSR Instrument
3.1 Instrument Description
3.1.1 Payload description, position on the platform
3.1.2 Instrument Functionality
3.1.2.1 Infrared and Visible Radiometer Assembly
3.1.2.2 Instrument Electronics Unit/Black Body Electronics Unit
3.1.2.2.1 Instrument Electronics Unit
3.1.2.2.2 Black Body Electronics Unit
3.1.2.3 Digital Electronics Unit/Power Conditioning and Switching Unit
3.1.2.4 Cooler Control Unit
3.1.2.5 Instrument Harness
3.1.3 Internal Data Flow
3.2 Instrument Characteristics and Performance
3.2.1 Pre-flight characteristics and expected performance
3.2.1.1 Spectral
3.2.1.1.1 Specifications
3.2.1.1.2 Measurements
3.2.1.2 Spatial
3.2.1.2.1 Description and Specifications
3.2.1.2.2 Measurements
3.2.1.3 Pointing
3.2.1.3.1 Alignment and platform pointing
3.2.1.3.2 Pointing performance of the scan mechanism
3.2.1.4 Radiometric
3.2.1.4.1 Specifications
3.2.1.4.2 Measurements
3.2.1.4.2.1 Polarisation
3.2.1.4.2.2 Instrument-level visible channel results
3.2.1.4.2.3 Instrument-level infra-red results
3.2.1.5 Stability
3.2.2 In-flight performance verification
3.2.2.1 Commissioning
3.2.2.2 Routine Verification
3.2.2.2.1 Outgassing
4 Frequently Asked Questions
5 Glossary
5.1 Acronyms and Abbreviations
5.2 Glossary
6 AATSR Data Formats Products
6.1 Level 2 Products
6.1.1 ATS_AR__2P: AATSR averaged geophysical product
6.1.2 ATS_MET_2P: AATSR Spatially Averaged Sea Surface Temperature for Meteo Users
6.1.3 ATS_NR__2P: AATSR geophysical product (full resolution)
6.2 Level 1 Products
6.2.1 ATS_TOA_1P: AATSR Gridded brightness temperature and reflectance
6.3 Browse Products
6.3.1 ATS_AST_BP: AATSR browse image
6.4 Level 0 Products
6.4.1 ATS_NL__0P: AATSR Level 0 product
6.5 Auxilliary Products
6.5.1 ATS_BRW_AX: Browse Product LUT data
6.5.2 ATS_CH1_AX: Level-1B Characterization data
6.5.3 ATS_CL1_AX: Cloud LUT data
6.5.4 ATS_GC1_AX: General Calibration data
6.5.5 ATS_INS_AX: AATSR Instrument data
6.5.6 ATS_PC1_AX: Level-1B Processing configuration data
6.5.7 ATS_PC2_AX: Level-2 Processor Configuration data
6.5.8 ATS_SST_AX: SST Retrieval Coeficients data
6.5.9 ATS_VC1_AX: Visible Calibration data
6.6 Records
6.6.1 Main Product Header
6.6.2 BT/TOA Land record 50 km cell MDS
6.6.3 BT/TOA Land record 17 km cell MDS
6.6.4 LST record 50 km cell MDS
6.6.5 LST record 17 km cell MDS
6.6.6 BT/TOA Sea record 50 km cell MDS
6.6.7 BT/TOA Sea record 17 km cell MDS
6.6.8 SST record 50 km cell MDS
6.6.9 SST record 17 km cell MDS
6.6.10 Level 2 SPH
6.6.11 Grid pixel latitude and longtitude topographic correction ADS
6.6.12 Browse MDS
6.6.13 Browse SPH
6.6.14 Browse Day_Time Colour LUT GADS
6.6.15 Characterisation GADS
6.6.16 11/12 Micron Nadir/Forward Test LUT GADS
6.6.17 11/3.7 Micron Nadir/Forward Test LUT GADS
6.6.18 11 Micron Spatial Coherence Test LUT GADS
6.6.19 1.6 Micron Histogram
6.6.20 Infrared Histogram Test LUT GADS
6.6.21 12 Micron Gross Cloud Test LUT GADS
6.6.22 Fog/low Stratus Test LUT GADS
6.6.23 Medium/High Level Test LUT GADS
6.6.24 Thin Cirrus Test LUT GADS
6.6.25 General Parameters GADS
6.6.26 1.6 micron Non-Linearity Correction LUT GADS
6.6.27 Radiance to Brightness Temperature LUT GADS
6.6.28 Temperature to Radiance LUT GADS
6.6.29 General Parameters GADS
6.6.30 Validation Parameters GADS
6.6.31 Conversion Parameters GADS
6.6.32 Limits GADS
6.6.33 Master Unpacking Definition Table GADS
6.6.34 Surveillance Limits GADS
6.6.35 10-arcminute mds
6.6.36 SPH
6.6.37 Summary Quality ADS
6.6.38 Level 2 SPH
6.6.39 Distributed product MDS
6.6.40 Processor configuration GADS
6.6.41 Configuration Data GADS
6.6.42 Across-track Band Mapping Look-up Table
6.6.43 Grid pixel latitude and longtitude topographic corrections ADS
6.6.44 Scan pixel x and y ADS
6.6.45 Summary Quality ADS
6.6.46 12 micron forward view MDS
6.6.47 12 micron nadir view MDS
6.6.48 1.6 micron forward view MDS
6.6.49 1.6 micron nadir view MDS
6.6.50 Level 1B SPH
6.6.51 Visible calibration coefficients GADS
6.6.52 Auxilliary Data SPH with N = 1
6.6.53 Level 0 MDSR
6.6.54 Level 0 SPH
6.6.55 Climatology Variance Data for Land Surface Temperature Retrieval GADS
6.6.56 General Parameters for Land Surface Temperature Retrieval GADS
6.6.57 Land Surface Temperature retrieval coefficients GADS
6.6.58 Topographic Variance data for Land Surface Temperature Retrieval GADS
6.6.59 Surface Vegetation class for Land Surface Temperature Retrieval GADS
6.6.60 Vegetation fraction for Land Surface Temperature Retrieval GADS
6.6.61 ATS_SST_AX_GADSR
6.6.62 ATS_TOA_1P_ADSR_pix
6.6.63 ATS_TOA_1P_MDSR_cl
6.6.64 ATS_TOA_1P_ADSR_sa
6.6.65 ATS_TOA_1P_MDSR_conf
7 Credits

Keywords: ESA European Space Agency - Agence spatiale europeenne, observation de la terre, earth observation, satellite remote sensing, teledetection, geophysique, altimetrie, radar, chimique atmospherique, geophysics, altimetry, radar, atmospheric chemistry

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